Rotary extractor



y 1931- o. H. WURSTER ET AL ,23

ROTARY 'EXTRACTOR Filed Sept. 13, 1928 8 Sheets-Sheet 1 Q. I w s z m\ wI All II II y 1931 o. H. WURSTER ET AL 1,807,232

ROTARY EXTRACTQR Filed Sept. 13. 1928 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 1931- o. H.WURSTER ET AL ,807,232

ROTARY EXTRACTOR Filed Sept. '13. 1928' a Sheets-Sheet s I l I I l I l II I I l l 1 q l i y 1931- o. H. WURSTER ET AL ,807, 32

ROTARY EXTRACTOR Filed Sept. 15. 1928 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 y 1931. o. H.WURSTER ET AL 7,232

ROTARY EXTRACTOR Filed Sept. 15. 1928 a SheeiiS-Sheet 5 May 26, 1931. o.H. WURSTER ET AL now/m sxTRAc'roR Filed Sept. is. 1928 8 Sheets-Sheet 6y 1931. o. H. WU'RSTER ET AL r 1,807,232

RIO'IARY EXTRAC'I'OR 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 Patented May 26, 1931 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE OSCAR H. WURSTER AND ALBERT M. SMITH, OF CHICAGO,ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORSTO WURSTER &: SANGER, INC., OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ACORPORATION 01:" ILLINOIS ROTARY EXTRACTOR Application filed September13, 1928. Serial No. 305,729.

This invention relates to a device for extracting fats, oils, or othersubstances from materials in which they are found, such as animal andvegetable products, by means of various suitable solvents, such asgasoline,

benzole, or ethylene di-chloride, and has for its object the provisionof mechanism which shall be of improved construction and operation andwhich shall be more eflicient, con- H venient and economical to use thanapparatus of a similar nature heretofore manufactured.

Another object of the invention is the construction of an extractorhaving a trunnion coinciding with the axis of rotation of the extractorsecured to one or both ends of the extractor, the trunnion beingprovided with conduits which are a part of the trunnion and rotatetherewith, as distinguished from a hollow trunnion through whichstationary pipes pass for conducting the vapors and solvent, etc., intothe extractor.

Another object is to provide a sleeve within which the trunnion rotates,the sleeve and trunnion being provided with passages establishingcommunication between the conduits within the trunnion to pipesconnected to the sleeve.

Another object is to use the trunnion, or trunnions, having thedescribed passages for rotatably supporting the extractor.

Another object is to connect one of the conduits through one of thetrunnions with the interior of the extractor beneath a filter bed and toprovide means connected with the sleeve for introducing solvent throughthis conduit into the extractor and for removing the solution from theextractor through this conduit.

Another object is to provide one of the trunnions with a vapor conduitextending into the extractor into a vapor space separated from theremainder of the extractor by a screen constructed to permit the passageof vapor and substantially prevent the passage of solids.

Another object is to provide a trunnion having conduits therethrough,some of which supply steam to the steam jacket, drain condensate fromthe jacket, and supply open provide the trunnion and sleeve surroundingthe trunnion with passages communicating with stationary pipe lines inthe sleeve during rotat on of the extractor.

Another object is to so arrange the passages in the trunnion and sleevethat the open steam is delivered to the particular injection pipe withinthe extractor that is positioned in the bottom portion of the extractor,and

Another object is to divide the water jacket into chambers, the outletsof which are so positioned that they will most effectively drain thechambers through the conduits passing through the trunnion.

Other objects will appear as the description proceeds.

Solvent extraction is carried out commercially in two general classes ofequipment, (1) stationary extractors, with and without stirringmechanism, and (2) rotary extractors.

To make clear the objects of this invention, the various essential stepsinvolved in extraction by means of solvents are briefly described. (1)the material to be extracted is charged into the extractor; (2) solventis pumped into the extractor; (3) the material and solvent are agitatedtogether; (4) the solution is separated from the material and removedfrom the extractor; (5) the extractor is heated with closed steam (i.e.'steam not coming into contact with the residue in the extractor) todry the contents of the extractor; (6) the condensate from this heatingsteam is removed without coming into contact with the extractedmaterial; (7) open steam is injected into the residue in the extractorto remove traces of solvent; (8) the solvent vapor and steam are removedfrom the hot extractor; (9) the extracted residue after heating,steaming and drying is dumped from the extractor.

To carry out the above enumerated operations, pipe line connections mustbe made to the extractor for (1) removing solvent vapors and steam, (2)adding solvent and removing solution, (3) admitting closed or heatingsteam, (4) removing condensate,

to steam to the interior of the extractor. and to (5) adding open orinjection steam. Such connections can be readily made to a stationaryextractor.

It has, however, been found in practice that with a stationaryextractor, it is difficult to obtain a quick and thorough contactbetween the material and the solvent, thus prolonging the operation orextraction cycle. Such stirring mechanisms as have been devised have notbeen satisfactory in every re sport. The power consumption is high. Thewear and tear on the equipment from such heavy internal stirring devicesis excessive. The stirring device tends to pack the wet materialtogether instead of to loosen it up for free action of the solvent. Thefiltering surface is readily damaged by the action of the stirrer inrubbing the material against this surface. Furthermore, it has beenfound difficult or impossible to obtain the extracted residue dry andfree from solvent taste and odor when using a stationary extractor withor without stirrer. This is because of the difficulties of properlyagitating the material in the extractor and of properly heating 1 theresidue. Another objection encountered in the stationary form ofextractor is the difficulty of removing the residue and the timerequired for this operation. It is usually a hand performed operation.

The above objections and difliculties are sufficiently serious so thatmost stationary extraction plants are built in small units, with maximumcapacities of from 3 to tons of. material per extractor. Plants usinglarger units have been limited in the kinds of materials which they canextract, have had to perform the final drying outside of the extractorsas a supplementary operation, have had high solvent losses, or haveoperated under other handicaps.

The rotary extractor eliminates the above enumerated objections to thestationary extractor. Comparatively little power is required to rotatethe extractor and agitate the material. The agitation is effective,tends to loosen the material and gives good contact between material andsolvent. The time of extraction is short because of the' good agitation.The heating, steaming and drying of the residue is thoroughly andquickly accomplished. The units may be relatively large with capacitiesup to 18 tons each per charge. The extractor is quickly discharged bydumping by rotation.

With such marked advantages in favor of the rotary extractor it hasremained to properly develop the mechanical features so that therequired operations can be performed in a rotating vessel. The five pipeline connections enumerated above had to be made in a practical mannerso that all these operations requiring the passing of solvent, solution,vapors, steam and condensate through pipe lines to and from theextraction vessel can be carried out while the extractor is eitherstationary or in rotation, as required.

This invention accomplishes these objects and is exemplified in thecombination and arrangement of parts shown in the accompanying drawingsand described in the following specification, and it is moreparticularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings Fig. 1 is a side elevation of our improved extractorFig. 2 is a longitudinal section illustrating the, right hand half ofFig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section illustrating the left hand half of Fig.l;

Fig. 4 is an end elevation with the trunnion in section, the view beingtaken as indicated by the line 44 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is an end elevation showing an outside view through section 5-5of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a section through the line 6-6 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 7 is an end view of a vapor head sleeve;

Fig. 8 is a section through the line 8-8 of Fig. 7; i

Fig. 9 is a section through the line 9-9 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 10 is a section through the line 10-10 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 11 is a section through the line 1111 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 12 is a section through the line 12-12 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 13 is a section through the line 1313 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 14. is an end view of a steam-head sleeve;

Fig. 15 is a section through the line 1515 of Fig. 14;

Fig. 16 is a section through the line 16-16 of Fig. 15;

Fig. 17 is a transverse section through the line 1717 of Fig. 3; and

Fig. 18 is a transverse section through the line 18-18 of Fig. 2.

The present invention comprises an improved extractor of the generalnature shown in application, Scr. No. 637,713, filed May 9, 1923, in thename of iValte-r E. Sanger and Oscar H. Wurstcr, and in application,Ser. No. 18,364, filed March 26, 1925, in the name of Oscar H. Wurster.

Referring to Fig. 1 the numeral designates an extractor. The extractoris jacketed by a double shell forming a jacket space, in dicated at 26,Figs. 2 and 3, so that the extractor and the material therein may beheated or cooled, as desired, by circulating, by means which will bedescribed later, a heating medium, as steam or hot water, or a coolingmedium such as cold water or air. The heads 27 and 28 of the extractorare attached to trunnions 29 and 30 which are mounted in bearings 31 and32, thus providmg means of. rotation for the extractor.

33 and 34. The rotation ofthe extractor isaccomplished by means of theworm-gear 35. the worm 36 and driving pulley 37, the driving pulleybeing attached by belt or other device to a source of power, not shown.Mounted on the ends of the trunnions are stationary sleeves 38 and 39 towhich the various pipe lines are attached. Su table openings in thestationary sleeves and in the trunnions, as will be more fully describedlater, provide for communication from the various pipe lines to theseveral parts of the extractor, as required. The extractor is providedwith manholes 40 for charging and discharging, and with manhole covers41.

Solvent from solvent storage tanks, not shown, is pumped through a pipe63, pump 64, pipe lines 65, 66 and 52, through the sleeve 38 andtrunnion 29, through line 53 into the bottom of.the extractor by meansof nipples 54 extending through the jacketed shell. Suitable valves 66',67 and 68 may be provided in the pump lines to properly direct the flowof the solvent from the storage tank to the extractor and to direct thesolution in the extractor through the pump and pipe 69 to solutionstorage tanks, not shown, after which the solvent is separated from thesolution for the recovery of the solvent and the extracted oil.

Referring to Fig. 3, a steam line 55 having a valve 56 supplies steam orother heating orcooling medium through the sleeve 39, trunnion 30 andpipes 57 to the jacketed shell of the extractor. Longitudinallyextending partitions 93 (Fig. 17 are provided in the acket or spacebetween the two shells aswill be more fully explained, so that theheating or cooling fluid will pass out of the jacket through pipes 58,through the trunnion 30, sleeve 39 and discharge pipe 59. Steam may befed through pipe 60 and valve 61 through sleeve 39 and trunnion 30 toperforated pipes within the extractor, as will appear, so that opensteam may be injected into the material, as desired.

Vapors from the extractor are removed through passages in trunnionsleeve 38 to a vapor pipe 62 which may connect with suitable apparatusnot shown for condensing and separating the solvent and with a pump notshown for producing a partial vacuum within the extractor.

Referring to Fig. 2, the trunnion 29 is rigidly secured to the vaporhead 27 and has a longitudinally extending liquid conduit 92 closed atboth ends. The sleeve 38 is formed on its inner surface with acircumferential groove 100, as also shown in Fig. 8, and the trunnion 29has a radial passage 91 extend ing into the conduit 92 and communicatingwith the passage or groove 100 which, in turn, communicates with apassage 99 leading to the pipe 52. The pipe 53, threaded into thetrunnion 29, communicates with the conduit 92 and with the interior ofthe extractor through the nipples 54.

The trunnion 29 is provided with a second longitudinal bore or conduit95 closed at one end and opening into the extractor at its other endthrough the vapor head 27. The sleeve 38 is provided with a secondcircumferential groove 97 in its inner wall, shown in Figs. 2, 8 and 9.The trunnion 29 is provided with one or more passages 96 communicatingwith the conduit 95 and with the groove or passage 97 which, in turn,communicates with the vapor pipe 62 through the radial passage 98 in thesleeve 38. Suitable packing glands 116 may be provided to preventleakage of vapor or fluid between the stationary sleeve 38 and therotating trunnion. The numeral 42 designates a drain pipe.

As shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 17, a filter bed 94 extends along and isspaced from the inner wall of the extractor by means of suitablesupports 47 and 48. The filter bed may comprise a lower perforatedsupporting plate 43 upon which are superimposed layers 44, 45 and 46 ofvarious filtering material of variour weave and mesh, as required.

It is to be noted that the nipples 54 lead into the extractor below thefilter bed so that the solvent is forced up through the filter bed andthrough the material on the filter bed.

On the inside of the vapor head 27, we mount a screen comprising aperforated supporting plate 115, Fig. 18, upon which are placed one ormore layers117 of fine wire cloth, and one or more layers 118 and 119 ofwire filtering cloth which, if desired, may be finer in mesh than thecloth 117. However, the particular arrangement of the filtering materialis not important, it being only essential that the construction be suchas to let the vapor through while keeping all or substantially all ofthe solid within the extractor. The entire screen structure is heldtogether and secured to the vapor head b means of a clamping ring boltedto the vapor head. As shown in Fig. 2, the screen is positioned to forma space between the screen and the inner wall of the vapor head 27 andit is this space that communicates with the-mouth of the vapor conduit95 extending through the trunnion 29.

The trunnion 30, as illustrated in Fig. 3, is rigidly secured to thevapor head 28 and has longitudinal bores or conduits 104 there- 55passes to the steam jacket. As shown in Fig. 11, a section taken on theline 1111 of Fig. 3, the trunnion 30 has three radial openings 103therein each'of which communicates with one of the conduits 104 and wltha groove or passage 102 (Figs. 3 and 15) which in turn communicates witha radial passage 101 in the sleeve 39 leading to the in through whichsteam from the steam pipe steam supply line controlled by a valve 56.Radial passages 57, Figs. 3 and 10, in the trunnion 30 communicate witheach of the conduits 104 and with the steam jacket 26 through the pipes57.

The trunnion 30 has a second series of bores or drain conduits 105 eachof which communicates through a passage 106 in the trunnion with apassage or circumferential groove 107 in the inner Wall of the sleeve39. The sleeve 39 has also a radial passage 108 communicating with thegroove 107 and with the drain or discharge pipe 59. Openings 58', Figs.3 and 10, connect each of the conduits 105 with one of the drain pipes58 leading into the jacket space 26.

The longitudinal members 93, Fig. 17, divide the jacket into as manychambers as there are steam or drain pipes, three in number in theexample illustrated. Each chamber connects with one of the inlet pipes57 and with one of the condensate or drain pipes 58. It is to beparticularly noted that each of the outlets 0 leading from each jacketchamber is positioned adjacent to one of the dividing members 93 andforward of the dividing member with respect to the direction of rotationof the extractor. The arrangement is clearly shown in Fig. 17, thedirection of rotation being indicated by the arrow. Due to thisarrangement, each chamber is drained when the extractor is in the mostfavorable position for draining the chamber, that is, when the outletopening is at the bottom. Considering the bottom outlet 7 O of Fig. 17it will be seen that not only is the outlet 70 positioned to drain theentire chamber, but added to the gravity pressure of the water is theadditional inertia pressure created by the water pressing against themember 93, which additional pressure would not be present if the outletconduit mentioned were positioned on the other side of the dividingmember.

Furthermore,v when steam is used as the heating medium, the pressure ofthe steam within the jacket assists in forcing the condensate outthrough openings 70.

Where the groove 107 in the sleeve 39 extends entirely around thesleeve, as illustrated in the drawing, the steam in the jacket isthereby permitted to blow through the two upper outlets 70 (Fig. 17),the condensate being blown out of the lowermost outlet. \Vhile at firstthought it may appear that the steam blowing through the two upperoutlets 70 would retard or prevent condensate from blowing out, this hasnot been found to be the case in the actual operation of the apparatusas the draining of the condensate functions perfectly and the water inthe passages appears to prevent steam from blowing through. However, insome instances, it may be desirable to permit draining to take placeonly through the lowermost outlet 70, the two upper outlets being out ofcommunication with the pipe 59. In order to accomplish this,

we may extend the groove 107 partially around the sleeve 39, similar tothe groove 110, in which case drainage will, of course, take place onlyin certain positions of the extractor.

In order that open steam may be introduced into the extractor, thetrunnion 30 is provlded with bores or conduits 112 (Figs. 10- 13 and thetrunnion has radial openings 111, Fig. 13, communicating with each ofthe conduits 112 and with a passage or groove 110 formed in the innerWall of the sleeve 39. The groove 110 communicates with a passage 109 inthe sleeve 39 leading to the steam pipe 60. Each of the conduits 112connect with steam injection pipes 113 within the extractor, and,preferably, each of the pipes 113 branch into a pair of perforated pipes114 secured to angle brackets 49 attached to the inner wall of theextractor.

The groove 110 establishing connection between the passages 111 leadingto the steam injection conduits 112 and the steam supply pipe 60, unlikethe other grooves, extends only partially around the inner wall of thesleeve 39. This groove 110 is located at the bottom of the sleeve 39 andpreferably subtends approximately a sixty degree arc. The steam 7therefore passes from the pipe 60 through the passage 104 and groove 110and through the lowermost passage 111 and conduit 112 in the trunnion 30into the injection pipe or pipes 113 and 114 positioned in the lowermostportion of the extractor where they are covered by the material withinthe extractor. The other two conduits 112 together with the connectingsteam injection pipes 113 and 114 at the top portion of the extactor arethen outof communication withthe groove110, steam passage 104 and steamsupply pipe 60, and hence the steam passes only through the plpes 114positioned most favorably to heat and impregnate the material.

lVhile we find it more convenient to rotatably support the extractor onthe trunnions 29 and 30 through which the various conduits pass leadingto the extractor, the extractor could, of course, be rotatably supportedby means other than the trunnions.

After the extractor 25 has been charged with material and covers 41 havebeen secured to openings 40 the extractor is put into rotation. Solventis pumped in through the pipe line 52 through passages 99, 91 and 92 andpipe 53 and nipples 54 to the interior of the extractor while theextractor is in rotation. Air and vapors pass out through vapor pipe 62.The solvent may be heated by turning steam on the extractor jacket 26.

After a proper period of rotation, which varies for different materialsfrom several minutes to half an hour, the extractor is brought to restin a position with the filter bed at the bottom. The filter bed retainsthe material in the extractor while permitting the solution to pass outthrough the nipples 54 and pipe 53. The solution is then pumped outthrough the same pipes and passages through which the solvent was pumpedin.

The effectiveness of the design as shown is such that one extractionorwash can be made in from 10 minutes to 45 minutes time.

minutes is a usual time for one complete wash 3 being extracted.

After the last wash has been made and the solution pumped out, thesolvent left adhering to the extracted material must be removed. This isdone by rotating the extractor, pulling apartial vacuum on the extractorthrough the pipe 62, and turning steam on the closed steam jacket 26 ofthe extractor. Steam is turned on pipe 55 and passes through the severalpassages in the stationary sleeve 39 and the trunnion 30 and pipes 57 aspreviously described. The condensate passes from the jacket 26 throughpipes 58 and through the several passages in trunnion 30 and stationarysleeve 39 and discharge pipe 59. as previously described.

The heat from the inner wall of the jacket is transmitted to thematerial and the solvent is evaporated, the vapors passing out of theextractor through the porous partition 115, passages 95, 96, 97 and 98,and vapor pipe 62.

The final traces of solvent are removed from the extracted and driedmaterial by injecting open steam into the material. This is done byturning steam on pipe 60, the steam then passing through the stationarysleeve 39 and trunnion 30 to pipes 113 and perforated pipes 114 withinthe extractor, as previously described.

When the material has been steamed a short time and the last traces ofsolvent removed, the covers are taken off and the charge is dumped byrotating the extractor.

The perfection of the mechanical details as described above has made itpossible to build a practical solvent extractor which is effective andeconomical in operation. The time required for making an extract-ion isshortened, complete extractions being made in 3 to 6 hours whichformerly required 24 hours in older types of equipment. This saving oftime, steam and labor makes the cost of extraction per ton of materialso low that it is now economically practical to extract materials whichcould not be profitably extracted heretofore.

It should be noted that our invention is not limited strictly to thevarious details of the apparatus which have been particularly described,but-that the same is as broad as is indicated-by the accompanyingclaims.

We claim 1. In a rotary extractor, a trunnion concentric with the axisof rotation of said extractor secured to one end thereof, a stationarysleeve within which said trunnion rotates, said trunnion having a pairof conduits therein communicating with the interior of said extractor,aliquid line connected to said sleeve, a vapor line connected with saidsleeve, and means establishing communication between each of said linesand one of said conduits when said extractor is stationary and duringrotation thereof.

2. In a rotary extractor, a trunnion rigidly secured to the end of saidextractor to rotate therewith in axial alinement with the axis ofrotation of said extractor, said trunnion having longitudinal conduitstherein, a sleeve in which said trunnion rotates, pipe lines connectingsaid conduits with said extractor and rotatable therewith, and pipelines connected with said sleeve, said trunnion and sleeve hav- 7 ingcO-Operating openings and passages estab lishing communication betweensaid pipe lines and conduits during rotation of said extractor. i

3. In a rotary extractor, a trunnion rigidly secured to the end of saidextractor to rotate therewith in axial alinement with the axis ofrotation of said extractor, said trunnion having longitudinal conduitstherein, pipe lines connecting said conduits with said extractor androtatable therewith, a sleeve in which said trunnion rotates, and pipelines connected with said sleeve, said trunnion having passages leadingfrom the exterior thereof to each of said conduits, said sleeve havinggrooves in the inner face thereof each of which communicates with one ofsaid pipe lines and certain of said passages.

4. In a rotary cylindrical extractor, a trunnion concentric with theaxis of rotation of said extractor secured to one end thereof, astationary sleeve within which said trunnion rotates, a filter bed insaid extractor, said trunnion having a conduit therein, a pipe linecarried by said extractor and trunnion communicating with said conduitand extending through the side wall of said extractor and communicatingwith the interior thereof below said filter bed, said sleeve'having acircumferential groove therein, said trunnion having an openingcommunicating with said groove and conduit, and a pipe line connectedwith said sleeve communicating with said groove.

5. In a rotary cylindrical extractor, a trunnion concentric with theaxis of rotation of said. extractor secured to one end thereof, astationary sleeve within which said trunnion rotates, a filter bed insaid extractor, said trunnion having a conduit therein, a pipe linecarried by said extractor and trunnion communicating with said conduitand extending through the side wall of said extractor and communicatingwith the interior thereof below said filter bed, a second conduit insaid trunnion communicating with said extractor through one end thereof,said sleeve having a pairofcircumferential grooves therein, saidtrunnion having a pair of openings therein for establishingcommunication between said conduits and grooves, and a pair of ipe linesconnected with said sleeve each of w ich communicates with one of saidgrooves.

6. In a rotary extractor having a steam jacket, a trunnion concentricwith the axis of rotation of said extractor secured to one end thereof,a stationary sleeve within which said trunnion rotates, said trunnionhaving a conduit therein communicating with said steam jacket, a steampipe connected with said sleeve, co-operating openings and passages insaid trunnion and sleeve for passing steam through said conduit intosaid jacket during rotation of said extractor, said trunnion having adrain conduit therein communicating with said steam jacket, a dischargepipe connected with said sleeve, and means passing steam into saidfirst-named conduit and for discharging the condensate from said steamjacket through said drain conduit into said discharge pipe duringrotation of said extractor comprising co-operating openings and passagesin said trunnion and sleeve.

7. In a rotary extractor, a steam injection pipe positioned adjacent thewall of said extractor within the interior thereof, a stationary steamsupply pipe, and means establishing communication between said supplypipe and said injection pipe during a portion only of each revolution ofsaid extractor.

8. In a rotary extractor, a steam injection pipe positioned adjacent thewall of said extractor within the interior thereof, a stationary steamsupply pipe, and means establishing communication between said supplypipe and said injection pipe only during that portion of each revolutionof the extractor when said injection pipe in the lower half thereof isin position to be covered by the material within said extractor.

9. In a rotary extractor, a plurality of steam injection pipespositioned in spaced relation adjacent the inner wall of said extractor,a stationary steam supply pipe, and means establishing communicationbetween said supply and injection pipes during rotation of saidextractor, said communication being established only and successivelybetween said supply pipe and that injection pipe in the lower portion ofsaid extractor which is in position to be covered by the materialtherein.

10. In a rotary extractor, a trunnion concentric with the axis ofrotation of said extractor secured to one end thereof, a stationarysleeve within which said trunnion rotates, said trunnion having aconduit therein, astea m injectionpipe communicating with said conduitand passing into the interior of said cx tractor, a steam supply pipeconnected with said sleeve, said sleeve having a passage along a portionvonly of its inner wall, said passage communicating with said supplypipe, said trunnion having an opening therein communieating with saidconduit and registering with said passage during rotation of saidextractor only when said steam injection pipe is positioned in the lowerportion of said extractor.

11. In a rotary extractor having a steam jacket, a trunnion concentricwith the axis of rotation of said extractor and secured to one endthereof, a stationary sleeve within which said trunnion rotates, saidtrunnion having a steam conduit therein communicating with said steamjacket, a steamsupplypipe forsaid conduit connected with said sleeve,said trunnion having a drain conduit therein communieating with saidjacket, a discharge pipe for said drain conduit connected with saidsleeve, said trunnion having a second steam conduit therein, steaminjection pipes connecting with said second steam conduit and passinginto the interior of said extractor, a second steam supply pipe for saidsecond steam conduit connected with said sleeve, and means forestablishing communication between said conduits and their respectivepipes in said sleeve during rotation of said extractor.

12. In a rotary extractor having a steam jacket, a trunnion concentricwith the axis of rotation of said extractor secured to one end thereof,a stationary sleeve within which said trunnion rotates, said trunnionhaving a steam conduit therein communicating with said steam jacket, asteam supply pipefor said conduit connected with said sleeve, saidtrunnion having a drain conduit therein communicating with said jacket,a discharge pipe for said drain conduit connected with said sleeve, saidtrunnion having a second steam conduit therein, steam injection pipesconnecting with said second steam conduit and passing into the interiorof said extractor, and a second steam supply pipe for said second steamconduit connected with said sleeve, said trunnion having passagesleading, from each of said conduits to the outer surface of saidtrunnion, said sleeve having grooves in the inner wall thereof each ofwhich communicates with one of said pipes and with one of said passagesduring rotation of said extractor.

13. In a rotary extractor, a jacket for said extractor, a trunnionconcentric with the axis of rotation of said extractor secured to onedividing said endthereof, a stationary sleeve within which said trunnionrotates, longitudinal members bers, said trunnion having a plurality ofconduits therein each of which communicates with one of said chambers,said trunnion and sleeve having co-operating openings and passages forthe admission of steam into said conduits, said trunnion having aplurality of drain conduits therein, each of which communicates with anoutlet in each of said chambers, and means comprising co-operatingopenings and passages in said trunnion and sleeves for the discharge ofcondensate from said drain conduits. a

14. In a rotary extractor, a jacket for said extractor, a trunnionconcentric with the axis of rotation of said extractor secured to oneend thereof, a stationary sleeve within which said trunnion rotates,longitudinal members dividing said jacket into a plurality of chambers,said trunnion having a plurality of conduits therein each of whichcommunicates with one of said chambers, said trunnion and sleeve havingco-operating openings and passages for the admission of steam into saidconduits, said trunnion having a plurality of drain conduits therein,each of which communicates with an outlet in each of said chambers, eachof said outlets being positioned in its respective chamber closelyadjacent one of said longitudinal members and forward thereof withrespect to the direction of rotation of said extractor, and meanscomprising co-operating openings and passages in said trunnion andsleeve for the discharge of condensate from said drain conduits.

.15. In a rotary extractor, a screen within said extractor co-operatingwith a Wall of said extractor to form a protected space, the mesh ofsaid screen being sufficiently fine to permit substantially only vaporto pass therethrough, a trunnion rigid with said extractor and havinglongitudinal conduits therein, one of said conduits being a liquidconduit communicating with the interior of said extractor, the other ofsaid conduits opening through said vapor head into said protected space,a stationary sleeve within which said trunnion rotates, a liquid pipeand a vapor pipe connected with said sleeve, said trunnion and sleevehaving co-operating openings and passages for establishing communicationbetween said conduits and their respective pipes during rotation of saidextractor.

v16. A rotary extractor comprising a container having a steam jacketsurrounding a portion thereof, means for supporting said container forrotary movement, conduits leading into said chamber, means for supplyingsteam for one of said conduits, and means for piling up condensatewithin said jacket and adjacent another of said conduits, said lastmentioned conduit being adapted to be conjacket into a plurality ofchamnected to a suction line so that said condensate may be withdrawnfrom said jacket.

17. A rotary extractor comprising a container, a steam jacket for saidcontainer, a trunnion for rotatably supporting said container,longitudinal openings in said trunnion, conduits leading from saidtrunnion to said steam jacket, a stationary member surrounding saidtrunnion, means in said stationary member communicating with a steamsupply line and some of said longitudinal openings, means within saidstationary member communicating with a vacuum line and other of saidlongitudinal openings, and means Within-said jacket forpiling upcondensed steam adjacent the conduits which are connected to thelongitudinal openings and which in turn are connected to said vacuumline.

18. A rotary extractor comprising a drum, a steam jacket for said drum,trunnions connected to said drum for rotatably supporting said drum,conduits leading from the periphery of saiddrum and communicating withsaid steam jacket, openings in one of said trunnions communicating withsaid conduits, means for connecting some of said openings to a suctionline and other of said openings to a steam line, and means within saidsteam jacket for causing the condensate to pile up adjacent the conduitswhich are connected through the openings in said trunnion to saidsuction line.

19. A rotary extractor comprising a drum, a filter spaced from one endof said drum to form a chamber between said-filter and said end, atrunnion rigid with said drum and having longitudinal conduits therein,one of said conduits being a liquid conduit communieating with theinterior of said extractor by means of suitable conduits, the other ofsaid conduits opening through said end of said drum within the spacebetween said end and said filter, a sleeve on said trunnion, a vaporline and a liquid line connected to said sleeve, said trunnion andsleeve having co-operating openings and passages for establishingcommunication between said conduits and their respective lines duringrotation of said drum, and a second filter within said drum forming aspace between said filter and a wall of said drum, said last mentionedspace communicating with said liquid opening in said trunmon.

20. A rotary extractor comprising a drum, a steam conduit positionedadjacent the interior wall of said drum, a stationary steam supply pipe,means for establishing communication between said supply pipe and saidinjection pipe only during that portion of each revolution of said drumwhen said steam conduit is substantially at its lowermost position andcovered by the material within said extractor, said steam assisting thevaporizing of the soluble substances in said material, and means forwithdrawing the vapors from said drum.

:21. A rotary extractor comprising a drum, a plurality of filters withinsaid drum, each of said filters being arranged adjacent a wall of saiddrum and forming a substantially closed space between each lter and theadjacent wall of said drum, a vapor line leading from the space of oneof said filters and the wall of said drum, a liquid supply linecomnmnicating with another of said spaces, and means for supplyingliquid to said latter mentioned space and for withdrawing vapor fromsaid first mentioned space during the rotation of said drum or duringthe time when the drum is at rest.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification onthis 11th day of September, A. D. 1928.

OSCAR H. WURSTER. ALBERT M. SMITH.

